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In the history of Afghanistan, there have been many mighty rulers and sovereigns, however, one stood out from all of them. He was a pious, patriotic, and merciful man who had all the profound traits of an exceptional leader, and ruled his lands with justice. He not only became the hero of all Afghans but also saved Islam in the subcontinent. In this video, we will go through the chapters of the life of Ahmad Shah Durrani, the Afghan ruler who united the Afghan tribes and became the founder of modern Afghanistan, as well as the father of his nation. Ahmad Shah Durrani Ahmad Khan Abdali was born in Herat, in 1723. He was the son of Zaman Khan, and the grandson of Dawlat Khan. He was from the Pashtun Sadouzai Tribe, a sub tribe of the Abdali Tribe. The story starts in 1732 CE, in Farah, Afghanistan, when Ahmad Khan's older brother, Zulfiqar Khan was defeated by his enemies. Zulfiqar Khan took his younger brother Ahmad Khan with him and fled to Kandahar, where they sought
One of the most debated topics of early Ottoman History: Dundar Bey's death. Many great historians believe that Dundar Bey was not killed by his nephew, Osman I, while other notable sources claim he was. Some say he was killed by Osman's bow, while others argue he died of a natural cause. As a result, a question is frequently asked: how did Dundar Bey die in actual history?
In order to come to a conclusion as to how Dundar died, we must look at his situation & the circumstances surrounding him. Dundar was among the 300 families to accompany Ertugrul Ghazi to the Byzantine border, despite the fact that roughly 1,000 families remained with Gundogdu & Sungurtekin. Though he had made several errors & mistakes, Dundar had remained loyal to his brother, Ertugrul Ghazi, and only dreamt of serving his nation. However, after the death of Ertugrul Ghazi, Dundar found a sense of ambition. He had been with Ertugrul Ghazi, ever since the beginning, yet, he was not deemed a worthy leader by his folk & people. An so instead, the young valiant son of Ertugrul Ghazi, Osman Ghazi, would be elected as the chief of the tribe.
The fact that Osman Ghazi was elected as bey of the tribe instead him, made Dundar Bey very irritated. To make things worse, Dundar had very a different ideology than that of Osman & would express a great amount of resentment in the decisions made by him. In fact, when Osman had decided on conquering a nearby Greek island, Dundar Bey strongly disagreed. He argued that it would only increase their enemies & weaken their power. It is now that we get to the discussion of the treachery & death of Dundar Bey.
Some have argued that Osman had his uncle Dundar killed simply because of his displeasure in Dundar Bey's resentment in his decision. And that Dundar Bey had committed no actual treason, & had not cooperated with Osman's enemies. Furthermore, they even go so far as stating that the uncertainty regarding Dundar's death is due to Ottoman sources trying to hide the fact, that Osman killed his own uncle, and without proper reason. Though, this could not possibly be true, as during the establishment of the Ottoman Empire, Osman Ghazi took all measures to create a strong foundation to his state. Osman had set up courts with Qadis, who were qualified Islamic judges. If he were to kill Dundar Bey, he would have to present the court with a reasonable cause and evidence, such as treachery to the state. Not to mention, the early era of the Ottoman Empire is known as a black hole in history, and so, it is not only Dundar's death, that remains a mystery.
After disagreeing with Osman, Dundar had enough of his quarreling with him. Dundar wished to have himself the leader of the tribe. This is when historians argue whether Dundar actually planned an assassination attempt with Osman's enemies, or only stayed silent, when he had known about it. Though, it would have been almost impossible for Dundar Bey to know about the trap without communicating with Osman's enemies. Anyhow, Osman would survive the trap & come to know about the treachery of his uncle Dundar. Sources disagree on whether Osman actually killed his uncle, or let him live. It is possible that Dundar was not executed by Osman, and instead, died a natural death. The fact that Dundar had reached such an old age at the time of his death, only makes it more believable that he could have very well died from a natural cause.
After Osman learned about his uncle's betrayal, he knew it was the last straw. Historians differ on exactly how Dundar Bey was executed. Some sources say that the royal blood was not spilled, and Osman strangled him with a bow. Other sources say that Osman had shot him with an arrow. Though, historians have even argued that Osman struck his uncle, Dundar, with his sword, giving him a fatal blow.
Although we do admit, that there are just too many different opinions on the death of Dundar Bey, we do know one thing for sure: Dundar Bey was the first traitor of the Ottoman Empire. "Was Dundar killed by Osman? Why was he killed by Osman? How was he killed by Osman?" Comment down in the comments section below. Which perspective do you take, which is your story of Dundar Bey?
Konur Alp was a prominent commander who was known for his very commendable military skills during the early stages of the Ottoman Empire. He played a very important role in the conquest of the regions between Akyazi and Anadolu Kavagi. Konur Alp was among Osman Ghazi's closest companions, as well as Orhan Ghazi's greatest comrades. Nevertheless, what do we know about the life of of Konur Alp? Prior to becoming the head of the Kayi Tribe, Osman Ghazi took part in many campaigns and expeditions. During this time, he had a couple of close friends who would accompany him to every place he would go. These close friends of his would be with him in every hardship that he was to face. And so, after decades in accompanying Osman Ghazi in all the raids and battles he would fight in; together, they would establish the Ottoman Empire. These close comrades of his were Turgut Alp, Samsa Cavus, Abdurrahman Ghazi, Aykut Alp, Saltuk Alp, Hasan Alp, Akca Koca, and of course, Konur Alp.
Grandson of Sulayman Shah, eldest son of Ertugrul Ghazi, loyal brother & supporter of Osman Ghazi, who was Gunduz Alp? Gunduz Alp was among the early Ghazis of the Ottoman Empire, whom had devoted their lives to the establishment of a great state. Moreover, the feats & exploits of Gunduz Alp proved him to be one the fiercest warriors of the Ottomans. Nevertheless, what has history said about the Ottoman hero, Gunduz Alp? Gunduz Alp was born in Sogut, in the year 1229. He grew up in the household of Ertugrul Ghazi, as his eldest son; and had the honor & privilege of accompanying him on many campaigns and expeditions. Gunduz proved to be a real branch of support to his father, becoming his close confidant & companion. This sense of responsibly & ambition truly gave Gunduz Alp experience & intellect at a young age. Gunduz Bey was said to have been in his mid-twenties in the year 1258, when his youngest brother, Osman I was born. Due to the old ag
Dundar bey was about to sell Hanli Bazar which conqurered by Ertugrul. He has low I.Q. for sure.
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